Attachment Theory and the Kibbutz Society - 5271 Words

Table of Contents PART 1 2 1- Introduction 2 1.1- Thesis statement 3 1.2- Definition of terms 4 PART 2 5 2- Research description 5 Literature review 5 2.1- Attachment Theory 5 2.2- Growing in Kibbutz 8 2.3- Intervention programs 9 2.4- Physical issues 9 2.5- Mothers sensitivity to infant cues 10 2.6- Externalizing and its impact on children 10 Research design 11 Method 11 Findings 11 Emotional unavailability 11 Complication in mother-infant relationship 12 Limitations 12 PART 3 13 3- Historical background 13 PART 4 15 4- Relevance of researched subject 15 4.1- The understanding of child perspective 15 4.2- Relevance to family and community 16 PART 5 17 5- Interview experience 17 5.1- Interviewees doubtful behaviors regarding research 17 5.2- Stark differences in outward and inward personalities 18 5.3- Experience of personality factors 19 PART 6 20 6- Learning process 20 6.1- Broadening of knowledge 20 6.2- Change in personal attitude and behavior 20 References 21 PART 1 Introduction Kibbutz society is one of the most controversial experiments of living in a social system. It is essentially a different way of living and raising the children in a social system that has been in practice for 89-90 years in Israel and has come to be known as Kibbutz. Currently constituting only about 1-1.5% of the total population of Israel, Kibbutz people are democratically governed individuals, cooperative in conduct, and multigenerational groups ofShow MoreRelatedHuman Relationships With Considerations Of The Implications For Attachment Theory1594 Words   |  7 Pagesfor attachment theory. Bowbly (1959) explains the child’s emotional regulation and attachment to the primary caretaker, as a result of the caretaker’s continues responsiveness and a strategy of the child to keep the primary caretaker close to ensure survival during evolutionary times. It adapts to fit into the appropriate evolutionary niche. This internal working model creates the four main types of attachment: the insecure-avoidant (A) attachment, most prominently the secure (B) attachment, andRead MoreBowlby s Theory Of Attachment Theory1644 Words   |  7 PagesBowlby s Attachment Theory Findings from animal studies were a powerful influence on Bowlby s thoughts. He suggested too that there was a critical period for the development of attachments between infant and care giver. According to Bowlby, children display an innate tendency to become attached to one particular individual. He called this monotropy. He suggested this trend was qualitatively different from any subsequent attachment a child might form. However, he did not suggest monotropy was absoluteRead MoreInfant Attachment Is The Bond Between An Infant And Their Caregivers2241 Words   |  9 PagesInfant attachment is the bond between an infant and their caregivers. An infant’s early attachment to their primary caregiver (PCG) is often seen as the foundation for all future development (Fairbairn, 1952). Individual difference perspectives have focused greatly on the predictive power of attachment because parents want to raise healthy, well-adjusted, normal children and are often concerned about the e xtent to which their parental upbringing skills can impact their child’s future. Attachment theoryRead MoreBowlbys Attachment Theory Essay1943 Words   |  8 PagesBowlbys Attachment Theory Findings form animal studies were a powerful influence on Bowlbys thoughts. He suggested too that there was a critical period for the development of attachments between infant and care giver. According to Bowlby infants display an innate tendency to become attached to one particular individual. He called this monotropy. He suggested this tendency was qualitatively different from any subsequent attachment a child might form. However, heRead MoreAn Evalution of the Attachment Theory Essay13038 Words   |  53 PagesTHE ATTACHMENT THEORY AN EVALUTION OF THE ATTACHMENT THEORY WHEN WORKING WITH CHILDREN IN CARE Gail Walters Dissertation Social Work BA (HONS) Manchester Metropolitan University Tutor: Pauline Black CONTENTS Pages Abstract Read MorePersonal Cultural Orientation16493 Words   |  66 Pagesbehavior. Likewise, it attempts to explore the possible mediating effects of destination brand image, value and quality on brand equity and revisit intention from the tourist perspective. The proposed model is based on social identity theory and brand equity theory literature. Drawing from recent research studies, and aiming to provide a framework to understand tourists’ decisions and their intention to revisit with respect to the destination brand and based on their cultural orientation. The research

Samsung vs. Apple New Foundation and Platform Free Essays

This paper is based on the article titled ‘Samsung vs Apple, The Battle for Design Dominance’ written by Haydn Shaughnessy and retrieved from www. forbes. com. We will write a custom essay sample on Samsung vs. Apple: New Foundation and Platform or any similar topic only for you Order Now The article is about Samsung vs Apple executing a new foundation and platform for business strategy. This is a key change in the business strategy of the software organization. This material is very important and relevant to the course content of business strategy because of the following reasons: ? It talks about business strategy of one of the leading cell phone organization in the country and how it is changing its business strategy to adapt to the changing environment. It helps us understand the importance of change in business strategy with changing times. ?It talks about computation and new business strategy which includes Social strategy, platform strategy and radical adjacencies. This helps us understand the change a new business strategy brings in any organization. There are also many practical managerial implications of this material: It talks about the social media strategy of Samsung battle with Apple and how their new design studio has the ability to bring software and hardware together in a new way. It gives us an idea about how important it is to get the demographics write on the social media and adapt or strategy accordingly. Secondly the article also helps us understand the importance of Samsung and platform in a banking organization further emphasizing on good quality software. Thirdly, it stresses on the importance of radical changes in operations to adapt to the changing markets, which can be the only survival strategy. ARTICLE RETRIVED FROM http://www. forbes. com/sites/haydnshaughnessy/2013/03/17/samsung-vs-apple-when-design-thinking-came-to-town/2/ / How to cite Samsung vs. Apple: New Foundation and Platform, Essay examples

A Study of Azeotrope and Acetone/Chloroform Liquid-Vapor Phase Diagram free essay sample

A Study of Azeotrope and Acetone/Chloroform Liquid-Vapor Phase Diagram Abstract: Liquid-vapor phase of acetone/chloroform was studied through distilling a series of mixtures with different mole fraction. When the mixtures were boiling, their vapor was condensed through a water column and collected in a receiving container. Refractive index was collected for starting mixture, distillate and residue for each sample. A boiling temperature versus acetone’s mole fraction was constructed to show the liquid-vapor phase diagram. The boiling temperature of azeotrope was determined to be 62. 2oC with the composition of 23% acetone and 77% chloroform. Keyword: liquid-vapor phase, acetone/chloroform mixture, azeotrope INTRODUCTION In an ideal binary mixture, the interactions between two components A and B are equal to each other. The interaction between A-A, A-B, and B-B are the same. Raoult’s law is hold in ideal liquid mixture giving that at a specific temperature, the vapor pressure of a component is proportional to its mole fraction in the mixture. In reality, many binary mixture do not follow Raoult’s law. The actual vapor pressure can be higher or less than what predicted by Raoult’s law and causes positive or negative deviation. For a positive deviation system, A-B interaction are favorable and the boiling temperature curve at different mole fraction gives a maximum. For a negative deviation system, A-B interaction are unfavorable and the boiling temperature curve shows a minimum. At maximum or minimum point on the curve, the composition of the liquid and of the vapor are the same. Such a mixture is called azeotrope. This study focuses on the mixture of acetone and chloroform. To obtain a boiling temperature vs. mole fraction diagram, a series of simple distillation will be performed. Distillation basically means boiling the mixture and the vapor is obtained in a receiving container. The liquid samples will be analyzed by refractive index. In Figure 1, the structure of acetone and chloroform shows that hydrogen bonds will likely be formed in the mixture. Therefore, favorable interactions between two components a positive deviation boiling temperature diagram are expected. EXPERIMENTAL A series of experimental mixture of acetone and chloroform were made as shown in Table 1. Each sample was distilled until obtaining a constant boiling temperature (no or very slow change in temperature when heating). As the mixture was boiled, the vapor was condense through a water column and collected. Refractive Index (RI) was obtained for starting mixture, distillate in receiver container, and residue left over for each sample. RESULT Mole fraction of acetone, boiling temperature and refractive index of starting mixture, distillate and residue are presented in Table 2. Mole fraction of acetone in starting solution was calculated by using density of acetone (0. 791 g/mole) and density of chloroform (1. 492 g/mole) (Sigma-Aldrich). The process of calculation was shown below mole acetone/chloroform = nA,B = Volume? density? 1Molecular Weight mole fraction = nA,BnA+nB The refractive index of starting solution at different mole fraction of acetone was put together in a graph as Figure 2. It was used as a calibration curve to determine the mole fraction of acetone corresponded to each boiling temperature. The equation of calibration curve is y = -0. 0857x + 1. 433 so at an obtained boiling temperature T, the mole fraction of acetone in either distillate or residue was calculated as Mole fraction=(T-1. 4433)/(-0. 0857) A graph of mole fraction of distillate and residue versus boiling temperature was shown together in Figure 3. DISCUSSION The graph of boiling point versus mole fraction of acetone of a liquid-vapor pressure in Figure 3 showed a convex down with a maximum. The shaped of the graph is similar to a positive deviation system where the interaction between components is more favorable due to hydrogen bonding between acetone and chloroform. The maxima of the graph is at 62. 2oC and the mole fraction of acetone is 0. 23. Therefore, the boiling temperature of acetone-chloroform azeotrope is 62. 2oC and its composition is approximately 23% acetone and 77% chloroform. Literature result of other study that had been done on acetone-chloroform binary system shows that the normal boiling temperature of acetone and chloroform are 56. 25oC and 61. 15oC respectively while the boiling temperature of the azeotrope is 64. 45oC. The literature composition of acetone-chloroform azeotrope is 34. 09% of acetone. Although the result of this study was a little bit lower than the literature result, it still represented the properties of a positive deviation liquid-vapor binary phase diagram with the boiling temperature of azeotrope is higher than boiling temperature of pure components. Some sources of error might come from not measuring the exact amount for each component of the mixture or not taking the correct boiling temperature during distillation. Also since this study was dealing with volatile compounds, refractive index reading might be incorrect since the sample was vaporized too quickly. CONCLUSION Azeotrope was studied through a series of prepared acetone-chloroform mixtures with different mole fraction. Distillation was performed to boil the liquid mixture and condense the vapor into a receiver. Thus, it created a binary liquid-vapor phase which was presented in the graph of Figure 1 and Figure 2. The azeotrope boiling temperature is the maximum peak of the graph in Figure 2 and the composition of the azeotrope is 23% acetone and 77% chloroform. The results are in reasonable agreement with literature values of acetone-chloroform mixture. REFERENCE (1) Daniels, F. ; Williams. J. W. Bender, P. ; Alberty, R. A. ; Cornwell, C. D. Experimental Physical Chemistry, 6th ed. ; Mcgraw-Hill Book Company INC: New York, 1962; pp 321-338 (2) Monahan,J. ;Serfis,A. Physical Chemistry Lab Chem 335 (Spring 2013). ; Saint Louis University. Saint Louis, 2013; pp 113-124 (3) Atkins, P. Physical chemistry. W. H. Freeman and Co: New York, 2010. (4) Luyben, W. Control of The Maximum-Boiling Acetone/ Chloroform Azeotropic Distillation System; Industrial amp; Chemistry Engineering Research, 2008. Figure 1. Hydrogen bonding is formed in a binary mixture of acetone and chloroform.